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Sébastien-Nicolas-Joachim Lespès was a French admiral who played an important role in naval operations during the Sino-French War (August 1884–April 1885), as second-in-command of Admiral Amédée Courbet's Far East Squadron. == Early career == Sébastien Lespès was borne on 13 March 1828 at Bayonne (Basses-Pyrénées). He attended the École Navale, passing out as a midshipman (''aspirant'') on 1 August 1846. In 1850, after serving successively on the warships ''Inflexible'', ''Friedland'', ''Océan'' and ''Psyché'' with the French Squadron of Evolutions (''escadre d'évolutions''), he took part in the Senegal campaign aboard the brig ''Aigle''. He received his promotion to ''enseigne de vaisseau'' during the course of this campaign, on 26 October 1850.〔Tréfeu, 381〕 During the Crimean War (1854-6) he saw service aboard the warship ''Valmy'' in the Black Sea, and also distinguished himself ashore with the French naval batteries at the Siege of Sebastopol. He was promoted ''lieutenant de vaisseau'' on 2 December 1854, and was also decorated with the cross of a chevalier of the Legion of Honour.〔Tréfeu, 382〕 He was posted to the Far East in 1857 and saw active service in the Second Opium War and the Cochinchina campaign, serving successively aboard the warships ''Audacieux'', ''Némésis'', ''Dordogne'' and ''Duchayla''. He was present with ''Némésis'' at the attack on the Pei-ho forts and at the capture of Da Nang (September 1858), and with ''Duchayla'' at the capture of the Kien Chan forts during the Siege of Tourane (18 November 1859).〔Tréfeu, 382〕 In April 1860 he was appointed to the command of the aviso ''Norzagaray'' and given the task of scouting the river routes of Cambodia.〔Tréfeu, 382〕 He was promoted ''capitaine de frégate'' on 27 January 1864 and took part in the Iceland campaign, for two summers, as second officer of ''Pandore''. He was then appointed by Commandant d'Ariès as chief of staff of the West Coast naval division (''division navale du littoral ouest de la France'').〔Tréfeu, 381, 383〕 In 1869 he sailed for Shanghai with the corvette ''Dupleix'' as flag captain and chief of staff to Rear Admiral Krantz, who had recently assumed command of the China and Japan Seas naval division. He therefore saw no action during the Franco-Prussian War (1870–71). In the early 1870s ''Dupleix'' left the division to undergo repairs, and was replaced by ''Montcalm''. Lespès remained in command of ''Montcalm'' until 1876.〔Tréfeu, 383〕 During this tour of duty in the Far East, on 20 May 1873, Lespès was promoted ''capitaine de vaisseau''.〔Tréfeu, 381〕 In 1876, following his return to Toulon, he assumed command of the frigate ''Revanche'', one of the warships of France's squadron of evolutions (''escadre d'évolutions''). ''Revanche'' was seriously damaged by a boiler explosion in May 1877, and Lespès was subsequently given command of the ironclad ''Héroïne'', also with the squadron of evolutions (May 1877–May 1878).〔Tréfeu, 383–4〕 During the next five years Lespès held two important administrative posts on the ''Conseil des travaux de la marine'' and the ''Conseil d'Amirauté''. He also held successive command of the first-class ironclads ''Redoutable'' and ''Amiral Duperré''.〔Tréfeu, 384〕 He was promoted rear admiral (''contre-amiral'') on 7 December 1881.〔Tréfeu, 381〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sébastien Lespès」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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